Logarithms explained: laws, examples and solving equations
Understand logarithms as the inverse of powers, use the log laws and solve simple exponential equations. Algebra 2 and A-Level, with examples.
High SchoolA-LevelAPUS · Advanced Placement, college-level courses for high school students
AP study guides
Review core ideas behind AP Biology, AP Chemistry, AP US History and AP World History, plus essay and research skills, with worked examples and practice questions. Our AP collection is still growing, so use it alongside your course materials and the College Board's own resources.
StudyMorrow guides are independent study aids, not official course materials, so check your own syllabus or exam specification.
➗ AP Math
See all 1 →🧬 AP Biology
See all 10 →Photosynthesis explained: equation, process and limiting factors
Learn how plants make glucose and oxygen from light, water and carbon dioxide, with the equation, limiting factors and practice questions.
KS3GCSEMiddle SchoolHigh School+1Plant and animal cells: parts, functions and magnification
Learn the parts of plant and animal cells, what each one does and how to calculate magnification, with worked examples and practice questions.
KS3GCSEMiddle SchoolHigh School+1Aerobic and anaerobic respiration: equations and differences
Compare aerobic and anaerobic respiration in animals and yeast, with the equations, oxygen debt and practice questions to test yourself.
GCSEHigh SchoolAPDNA, genes and inheritance: Punnett squares explained
Understand genes, alleles, dominant and recessive traits and how to complete a Punnett square, with worked examples for GCSE and high school.
GCSEA-LevelHigh SchoolAPEnzymes and digestion: how they work and what affects them
Learn how enzymes work, why temperature and pH matter and which enzymes digest starch, protein and fat, with worked examples.
GCSEHigh SchoolAPMitosis and the cell cycle: stages explained step by step
Learn what happens at each stage of mitosis, why cells divide and how to count cells after division, with worked examples and practice questions.
GCSEHigh SchoolAPMeiosis explained: how gametes form and why it matters
See how meiosis makes four different gametes, how it differs from mitosis and why sexual reproduction creates variation, with practice questions.
GCSEHigh SchoolAPNatural selection and evolution: how it works, with examples
Understand variation, competition and inheritance, with examples such as peppered moths and antibiotic resistance, and practice questions.
GCSEHigh SchoolAPHomeostasis: blood glucose, temperature and negative feedback
Learn how the body keeps conditions steady, how insulin and glucagon control blood glucose and what happens in diabetes, with examples.
GCSEHigh SchoolAPDiffusion, osmosis and active transport: differences explained
Compare how substances move into and out of cells, what affects the rate and how to calculate percentage change in a potato practical.
GCSEHigh SchoolAP⚗️ AP Chemistry
See all 2 →Ionic and covalent bonding: how atoms join, with examples
Compare ionic and covalent bonding, write ionic formulae and explain properties such as melting point and electrical conductivity.
GCSEA-LevelHigh SchoolAPMoles and molar mass: calculations explained step by step
Convert between mass and moles using Mr, use balanced equations to find reacting masses and calculate concentration, with worked examples.
GCSEA-LevelHigh SchoolAP📖 AP English
See all 13 →How to write a thesis statement (with strong examples)
Turn a topic into a clear, arguable claim for your essay, with a simple formula, weak and strong examples and a quick test.
GCSEA-LevelHigh SchoolAPPEEL and CER paragraphs: how to structure analysis
Build clear paragraphs with PEEL (UK) or Claim-Evidence-Reasoning (US), with worked examples for English and science answers.
KS3GCSEA-LevelMiddle School+2Persuasive writing techniques: rhetorical devices explained
Use ethos, pathos, logos and devices such as the rule of three and rhetorical questions in speeches and articles, with examples.
KS3GCSEMiddle SchoolHigh School+1Semicolons, colons and dashes: how to use them correctly
Link ideas with semicolons, introduce lists with colons and add emphasis with dashes, with clear rules and examples.
GCSEHigh SchoolAPEssay structure: how to plan and write a clear essay
Plan an essay step by step, from brainstorming to a strong introduction, well-organised paragraphs and a conclusion that answers the question.
GCSEA-LevelHigh SchoolAPHow to embed quotations in an essay (with examples)
Weave short quotations into your sentences and comment on key words, instead of dropping them in, with before-and-after examples.
GCSEA-LevelHigh SchoolAPLanguage analysis: how to analyse a quotation
Break a quotation down by word class, connotation and effect with the zoom-in method, to write detailed analysis.
GCSEA-LevelHigh SchoolAPAnalysing structure in texts: openings, shifts and endings
Look at how a writer organises a text, from openings and shifts in focus to pacing, sentence length and endings, with examples.
GCSEA-LevelHigh SchoolAPHow to compare two texts: structure, connectives and examples
Plan and write a comparison using similarities, differences and comparative connectives, with a clear method.
GCSEA-LevelHigh SchoolAPHow to read and analyse a Shakespeare play
Understand Shakespeare's language, verse and context so you can read and analyse his plays with confidence.
GCSEA-LevelHigh SchoolAPPoetry analysis: form, structure and language explained
Analyse a poem by looking at its form, rhyme, rhythm, structure and language, with a step-by-step approach.
GCSEA-LevelHigh SchoolAPLogical fallacies and how to evaluate an argument
Judge whether an argument is convincing and spot common logical fallacies such as ad hominem, straw man and false dilemma.
GCSEA-LevelHigh SchoolAPCiting sources: MLA, APA and Harvard basics for essays
Find reliable sources, avoid plagiarism by quoting and paraphrasing correctly and understand common citation styles.
GCSEA-LevelHigh SchoolAP🏛️ AP History
See all 7 →Causes of World War One: MAIN causes and the trigger
Learn the long-term causes of the First World War (militarism, alliances, imperialism, nationalism) and how the 1914 assassination set it off.
GCSEA-LevelHigh SchoolAPThe Industrial Revolution: causes, inventions and effects
Find out why the Industrial Revolution began in Britain, how factories and steam power changed life and what reforms followed.
KS3GCSEMiddle SchoolHigh School+1World War Two: causes, key events and timeline
Get a clear overview of why World War Two began, who fought, the key events and how the war ended in Europe and Asia.
KS3GCSEMiddle SchoolHigh School+1The US Constitution and Bill of Rights explained
Understand how the Constitution was written, the three branches of government, checks and balances and the first ten amendments.
Middle SchoolHigh SchoolAPThe Cold War: causes, key events and how it ended
Understand the rivalry between the US and the Soviet Union from 1945 to 1991, with key events such as the Berlin Wall and the Cuban Missile Crisis.
GCSEA-LevelHigh SchoolAPThe Weimar Republic and how Hitler rose to power
See why the Weimar Republic struggled, how the Great Depression helped the Nazis and how Hitler gained power in 1933.
GCSEA-LevelHigh SchoolAPThe Civil Rights Movement: key events, laws and leaders
Follow the struggle against segregation in the United States, from Brown v. Board of Education to the Civil Rights Act and Voting Rights Act.
Middle SchoolHigh SchoolAP🌍 AP Geography
See all 1 →Climate change: the greenhouse effect and the 1.5°C target
Understand the greenhouse effect, what the Paris Agreement's 1.5°C goal means and the difference between mitigation and adaptation.
GCSEA-LevelHigh SchoolAP🧠 AP Study skills
See all 14 →Active recall: the best way to revise (with examples)
Learn why testing yourself beats rereading, and four simple ways to use active recall: flashcards, blank-page recall and practice questions.
KS3GCSEA-LevelMiddle School+3Spaced repetition: how to remember what you revise
Review material at increasing gaps to remember it long term, with an example schedule and the Leitner box system.
KS3GCSEA-LevelMiddle School+3How to make a revision timetable you can stick to
Plan backwards from your exam dates and use focused study blocks with breaks, with a simple way to share your time between subjects.
KS3GCSEA-LevelMiddle School+3Exam command words: describe, explain and evaluate
Learn what describe, explain, compare, analyse and evaluate really ask you to do in an exam, using an exam board's definitions.
GCSEA-LevelHigh SchoolAPCornell notes: how to take notes you can revise from
Set up Cornell notes with cue, notes and summary sections, and turn them into a self-test for revision.
KS3GCSEA-LevelMiddle School+2Mind maps for revision: how to make them work
Use mind maps to organise a topic, then turn them into a memory test so they actually help you remember.
KS3GCSEA-LevelMiddle School+2Interleaving: mix topics in your revision to remember more
Learn why mixing question types in one session can improve long-term learning, with an example maths and science session plan.
GCSEA-LevelHigh SchoolAPHow to use past papers to revise (and review your mistakes)
Turn past papers into focused practice with timing, mark schemes and an error review that shows exactly what to fix.
GCSEA-LevelHigh SchoolAP+1Exam stress: practical ways to cope and when to ask for help
Practical, non-medical ways to cope with exam pressure, from planning and breaks to talking to someone you trust.
GCSEA-LevelHigh SchoolAP+1Mnemonics and the memory palace: remember lists and facts
Use acronyms, acrostics and the method of loci to remember lists and ordered facts, and learn when mnemonics help most.
KS3GCSEA-LevelMiddle School+2The Feynman technique: study by explaining it simply
Check your understanding by explaining a topic in plain language, spotting the gaps and fixing them.
KS3GCSEA-LevelMiddle School+2How to stay focused when studying (and avoid your phone)
Set up your space, plan sessions and manage your phone so your study time is actually productive.
KS3GCSEA-LevelMiddle School+2SQ3R: how to read a textbook and remember it
Survey, Question, Read, Recite and Review: a five-step routine for learning from textbooks and long texts.
GCSEA-LevelHigh SchoolAP+1Exam day plan: what to do the week before and on the day
Plan the last week, the night before and the exam itself: equipment, timing and how to check your work.
GCSEA-LevelHigh SchoolAP+1